Producer and arrangement: Jalal Fathabadi

One of the most popular and stylish materials that is used in most spaces, whether interior or exterior, with any style, is “wood”. Wood is a lovely material that is used nowadays in its best form in architecture and interior architecture with the advancement of technology.
One of the features that has made wood popular is the sense of warmth and intimacy that it conveys to the space.
But there is a lot of history behind this lovely material. Also, there are different trees in the world, each of which has special characteristics, which have been created according to the climate, type of soil, type of forest in which it grows, etc.
1-History of wood
It’s good to know that before the use of mineral materials or industrial materials such as iron, brick and ceramics in architectural or civil structures, wood was one of the most basic and oldest materials available.
Primitive learned how to shape wood to make various tools. Basic wooden tools and equipment and even buildings, wooden decorations, etc., show the importance of these material that were available to mankind before metal and at the same time as the use of stone, and used it to prepare life tools and equipment, weapons, and buildings.
From cottage to urban apartments, bridges, huts, etc., they were all made of wood, many of which are known as cultural heritage in Iran or other countries. The age of wooden buildings must undoubtedly reach the Neolithic age! (About 6000 years ago, Iranian architects used wood to warm residential houses, palaces, etc.(
Oak, walnut and cedar wood are used in Persepolis. generally, wooden beams and columns are features of ancient Iranian architecture, and in different Step and styles of Iranian architecture, wood has been one of the main pillars. Among the living examples of wooden buildings, we can mention Chehelston, Aliqapo, and Banat Mosque around Maragheh, which belong to the Islamic period of Iranian architecture.
But after some time, the use of wood as one of the main pillars of buildings has been forgotten. However, wood is still one of the most important and effective elements in architectural and artistic matters.
Unlike other building materials after clay, wood is compatible with the human spirit and has a special advantage due to its great malleability and naturalness.
2-Properties of wood
2-1- Physical properties

Malleability and formability: wood can be easily shaped in various ways or with different tools and devices, the desired shape can be created on it. Working with wood is simple. It is easy to cut, drill, nail, glue and shape. {1,2}

-thermal capacity: Wood has a very high thermal capacity. Therefore, its surface temperature does not rise easily in front of the sunlight. This feature makes thick wooden members highly resistant to fire. so that it takes a long time for their central parts to burn. Based on this feature, wooden fire doors are superior to metal doors; Because during a fire, it takes a long time for a wooden door to become so hot that it can no longer be used.: Wood has a very high heat capacity. Therefore, its surface temperature does not rise easily in front of the sunlight. This feature makes thick wooden members highly resistant to fire. so that it takes a long time for their central parts to burn. Based on this feature fireproof doors are superior to metal doors; Because during a fire, it takes a long time for a wooden door to become so hot that it can no longer be used.

-Thermal resistance: based on what was said above, wood has a high resistance to heat energy transfer and can be used as a suitable insulation in buildings. Also, wood has little reaction to temperature changes and its length change is very small. While this issue has a completely different result for metals and plastic materials. For example, wood does not burn against the sun and radiation, unlike metals, and does not freeze in very cold environments.
-Low specific weight: The specific weight depends on the amount of pores and the moisture content of the wood and the type of wood. Wood, as a light material in the building structure, can meet the requirements of earthquake regulations in addition to reducing construction costs. The weight of each cubic meter of dry wood is between 430 and 900 kg/cubic meter. The low weight of wood increases the execution speed and reduces construction costs. { 2 , 1 }
-Wood moisture: The amount of moisture in the wood of different trees is different. It depends on the amount of moisture, the length of time the wood has been cut and the cutting season, as well as the conditions in which the wood has been stored. { 2 , 1 }
-Thermal conductivity in wood: The thermal conductivity of wood is low, and for this reason it is suitable for making thermal insulations. The lower the specific weight of wood, the lower its thermal conductivity. { 2 , 1 }
-Expansion and contraction of wood: The thermal expansion coefficient of wood is almost negligible compared to the effect of humidity change on its dimensions. {2 , 1 }
-The specific heat of wood: the specific heat of wood is high and when it is placed next to the low thermal conductivity, it causes suitable characteristics in wood. { 2 , 1 }
-Wood color: The color of wood is one of the most important physical properties, and the extractive substances in wood cause the color of wood. The darker the color of the wood, the more durable it is. Wood has a beautiful appearance that often has soothing or classic colors and can be used for different spaces. so that it only needs polish and does not need color coating like other materials. { 2 , 1 }
-Electrical conductivity: dry wood is an insulating material and does not have conductivity that is, it has high electrical resistance, while the conductivity of wood increases with increasing humidity. {2 , 1 }
-Acoustic properties of wood: wood has acoustic properties or sound absorption and can absorb part of the sound energy and reduce the sound intensity, light wood and insulating fiber board are used as insulation. The greater the porosity and the lower the specific weight, the more sound absorption and better acoustic properties. { 2 , 1 }
-Recyclability: wood pieces are fully recyclable and do not leave any waste in nature.{ 2 }
2-2- Functional Properties:
Wood is a substance that is found in abundance in nature and man can easily produce and reproduce it. In fact, one of the materials is renewable and if there is proper management, it will never run out.
2-3-chemical properties:
Most of the membrane of wood cells is made up of cellulose and this substance is extremely important in terms of wood chemical industry.
Effect of air, oxygen and water on cellulose: dry air at normal temperature has no effect on cellulose. Oxidizing substances also have no effect on cellulose if they are diluted, but if they are concentrated, they affect the cellulose molecule.
Effect of heat: Cellulose changes color at -150°C and decomposes at 300°C.
Effect of acids: Most inorganic and organic acids affect cellulose if they are concentrated.
The effect of alkalis: in general, alkalis in a dilute state do not affect cellulose, but concentrated soda affects cellulose, and thus different materials are obtained, which are used in the wood synthetic products industry. {2 , 1 }
Wood also has disadvantages that are used in different ways to fix them:
Attack of pests and insects: One of the main problems of wood since ancient times is the attack of pests and insects, which is very destructive. Today, with the advancement of new science and technology, there are various methods for processing and impregnating wood, which prevents insects from penetrating it. Some of these methods are used in sawmills, such as flotation in chemicals derived from coal tar or other similar materials. {2 , 1 }
Fire: The surface of the wood burns easily due to fire and heat fire and heat, although the center of the wood is safe but the smoke from this burning can be very dangerous. nowadays, Fireproof oils and paints are made to cover various surfaces and are easily available.
These covers delays the resistance of the wood surface to heat for several hours.
Practical advantages of natural wood
High resistance to sound
Wood is one of the materials that prevents the transmission of noise and provides a quiet environment. Currently, in the design of today’s modern buildings, wood is combined with other materials are used. The type of wood and the layers that are chosen for it are selected according to the desired location. When the layers of wood are placed on top of each other, they significantly prevent the transmission of sound, so wood can be called a type of sound insulation. The wood that is currently used to design the facade of the structure or its interior decoration is in the form of prefabricated parts and their installation is very quick and easy.
Very light weight
Compared to other building materials, wood has a very light weight and is easier to transport.in fact, the light weight of this material puts a lower cost on the manufacturing method. Actually Unlike other materials, there is no need for heavy machinery and equipment when cutting wood and transporting it.
Energy saving
As you know, with the expansion of the population, the natural energy sources are ending and not yet replaced an ideal for fossil energy has not been found. Therefore, saving in their consumption is one of the issues that are constantly emphasized these days. Wood is one of the materials whose use is important in reducing energy consumption. Wood has a warm nature and its presence adds warmth to the space. It is better to know that wooden structures have a significant amount of necessary heat and will not need excessive energy consumption.
wonderful beauty
Due to its unique texture, wood gives a special color and smell to the space and it has a great effect on its beauty. Houses that use wood in their construction certainly convey a better and more loving feeling compared to houses built with cold and soulless materials such as stone and concrete. Wood is a symbol of nature and conveys a feeling of peace.
Easy to use
The project of building houses whose main material is wood Compared to houses that are made of concrete and steel, it goes faster. The wood is light in weight and can be cut. In addition, its parts are pre-made, so it is faster to use the And it is easier than other materials.
Suitable for different weather conditions
Wood can be used for construction in different climates. Wooden structures maintain their resistance both in hot and dry areas and in humid areas, so it can be said that wood is an ideal material for construction.
Eco-friendly
As we can see, people’s attitude towards lifestyle has changed to some extent and they have started towards sustainable life. Considering this, it can be said that wood is the best material for building a green house, because it has no harm to the environment and, most importantly, it is renewable.

Molded MDF (in making wooden doors).
High glass is another type of MDF:
High glass is also a type of MDF coated with a type of plastic called Plexiglas. Plexiglas looks similar to clear glass, but is lighter and stronger than glass. A special material called polycarbonate has been used to prepare it. These high-glass boards are coated on one side, and one side has a cellophane-like protective layer and the other side has a white appearance made of melamine and paper. The size of these high glass boards used in cabinet making is 122 x 244 with a thickness of 17 mm. The quality of high glass is determined by the material and quality of its core MDF board, the quality of high glass coating, the press and glue used in the production of these boards.
Application of high-gloss MDF types:
•Making shelves, shelves, all kinds of wooden items in the interior decoration of residential houses
•Cabinet making: In the cabinet making industry, these sheets are used in dimensions of 122*244 with a thickness of 17 mm. which is resistant to any impact. But these sheets do not have much resistance against moisture and if moisture and water enter them, their surface swells, so when installing them for cabinets and shelves in the kitchen, resistant edges are attached to them to prevent penetration. Prevent moisture from entering them.
Now, after knowing the types of these common wooden products in cabinet making, we will examine the advantages and disadvantages of some of them:
All-wood cabinets for the kitchen:
All-wood cabinets are very useful for using rustic style and give a very beautiful and stunning effect to your kitchen and can be used in houses that are designed with classic and modern style.
•Advantages: Impressive beauty and the ability to create a lot of details during the implementation of the cabinet.
•Disadvantages: Very high price and a long time to prepare and install the cabinet
MDF cabinets for the kitchen:
MDF has a variety of designs and colors, and this makes it attract many fans. Also, MDF has a high flexibility in harmonizing with the surrounding elements and the interior decoration of your home.
Advantages: low cost, quick and easy implementation, and resistant to moisture and sound, they are also easy to clean
Disadvantages: sensitive to high heat (MDF sheets adjacent to the gas may experience bubbles, protrusions, or peeling).
Note: MDF sheets need more care. Because usually MDF cabinets cannot be repaired and must be taken care of.
High glass cabinets for the kitchen:
High-gloss cabinet can be considered as a separate species from MDF, and their shiny surface attracts the eye. Also, the color variety of high glass sheets is one of the characteristics of these cabinets.
•Advantages: high brightness and ability to reflect light, ease of cleaning due to the polished surface, high color variety.
•Disadvantages: Its price is higher than regular MDF. There are also rumors about the high hardness of high glass, which are not true. .
PVC cabinets:
Because these cabinets are waterproof, they are used in bathrooms, bathroom vanities, and washrooms, and they are usually used in kitchen sink cabinets, and they are not used in other parts of the kitchen.
Of course, it should be noted that PVC coated MDF boards are widely used in kitchen cabinets and are completely separate from all PVC cabinets.
•Advantages: various designs and colors, relatively easier maintenance than wooden cabinets, low-cost construction and installation, and speed in the production process of kitchen cabinets.
•Disadvantages: The artificial appearance of these types of cabinets compared to wooden cabinets and their damage to the environment because they do not decompose in nature.
formica
Formica with the abbreviation HPL, which stands for High Pressus Laminate. which is a Spanish word and refers to a sheet composed of several layers made of fibers such as paper, impregnated with heat-acting resins that are stuck together under the influence of heat and pressure of 5 megapascals.
A formica surface can be covered with colored or decorative sheets impregnated with melamine resin. Heat and moisture resistant formica sheets are produced in Iran and are currently imported from countries such as India, Turkey, Syria, etc. Common raw materials for making formica or HPL are kraft paper, decorative paper, phenolic resin and melamine resin.
Properties of formica coating:
1- Moisture resistances, which are resistant to water and steam and without cracking and flaking. 2- Thermal resistances: able to withstand dry temperature and thermal shock up to 180°C, resistant to cigarette heat without leaving any effect. It and dimensional changes at high temperature are less than 3%.
3- Other resistances
Due to the use of phenolic resin adhesive in the production of formica, it is resistant to electricity and due to the use of melamine resin adhesive on the surface of the layer, it makes the surface resistant to weak acids.
veneer wood
Veneer, which you may also know as veneer, is a thin layer of wood surface that is used on chipboard, MDF, fiberboard and plywood. Veneer has a different thickness from 3 to 6 mm. It is interesting to know that most people think that veneer is cheaper than natural wood, but veneer is used in the production of high-quality furniture, and that is why it is sometimes more expensive than natural wood.
One of the ways to recognize veneer is to pay attention to the edge of the furniture. Just check the texture and design of the wood and see if the design on it is interrupted or not. Since wood veneer is natural like other types of wood, different coatings can be used on it, such as transparent wood colors.
Plywood
Plywood is very strong. This type of board is made from a combination of multiple layers of wood and veneer and finally has a smooth surface with polished fronts. The combination of plywood makes it strong and water resistant, and for this reason, this type of wood is used in the preparation of furniture and flooring.
Wooden parquet and its advantages:
Chui parquet is very effective in the interior decoration of the house, office, hall and any place, a beautiful flooring. Wooden parquet is among the most popular flooring these days. What is wooden parquet and what are its advantages? All floorings have
their own unique characteristics, but nevertheless, wooden parquet is welcomed by many people.
Wooden parquet consists of a series of multi-layer wood panels in different sizes with different colors, which are mostly installed at home. You will feel very good when you step on this wooden parquet. The feeling of warmth along with comfort makes you enjoy its presence at home.
Wooden parquet is produced from oak, pine, walnut, beech, bamboo and maple wood. So, in this case, the power of choosing the desired sex increases according to the financial ability. Different parquets with different colors are available in the market. In choosing the type and color of wooden parquet, factors such as humidity, personal taste, cost, and traffic in that environment affect it. In the meantime, oak flooring is harder and stronger than other wooden flooring due to its resistance and compactness.
Parquet and wooden flooring is the most beautiful type of flooring that brings the beauty of nature to your home. This wooden flooring is considered a type of thermal insulation of the building floor and makes the space of the building pleasant and beautiful. Wooden flooring must be firmly attached to the floor, otherwise after a short time, the flooring will start to make noise when walking on it. In the past, wooden parquet was attached to the floor with special adhesives, but nowadays these pieces are locked together and installed on the floor stronger than glue.
Types of wooden parquet:
There are two types of wooden parquet. The first type is three-layer parquet and the second type is all-wood parquet.
Another name for three-layer parquet is engineered parquet, which is made of cheaper wood with relatively normal quality in two layers under Termwood wood. The bottom layer is made of fir wood, and the next middle layer is made of soft wood, the top layer of this parquet is made of thermowood. For the production of the second type of parquet, or all-wood parquet, only thermowood wood is used, which are glued together with formaldehyde glue.
Disadvantages and advantages of wooden parquet:
•No matter how thick the parquets are, they have a long life and do not peel off easily.
•Due to its good quality and long life, wooden parquet is more economical than other floorings. Because it has a wooden structure, it can be used comfortably for a long time.
•This type of wooden flooring is easy to clean and the dust on it is removed with a simple vacuum cleaner.
•They should be installed away from sunlight because the color of the parquet will change due to sunlight.
•If water, moisture, or moisture hits the parquet, because it is made of wood, it will swell and eventually deteriorate. So do not use water or moisture for cleaning.
•Wooden parquet is sensitive to impact, so it should not be hit with sharp objects. If there are scratches, the parquet surface will be damaged.
•Always keep the surface of the parquet clean because if the parquet is not cleaned for a long time, it will become dull over time.
•There are no harmful or allergenic chemicals in wooden parquet, and it is considered one of the healthiest types of flooring.
Wooden wall covering
Wooden wall coverings have high resistance, but for long-term maintenance, it is better to use different coverings for them. This type of wall covering is sound and heat insulating as well, and no infrastructure is needed for its installation. Nowadays, due to the high price of wood and in order to preserve the environment, artificial wood such as MDF is used in the construction of wall coverings. Wide and narrow wooden boards in different colors are used in the construction of wooden wall covering. This wall covering can be installed vertically and horizontally.
Installation of wooden wall cladding
To install wooden wall coverings, we first need a general plan of the walls designed based on the wall specifications. In the next step, it is time to control the stiffness. At this stage, the surface under the work is checked and if there is a depression or protrusion, it is repaired, and then the sub-work bed is implemented.
At this stage, four-turn parts made of MDF wood and chipboard are installed on the wall so that the wall coverings are installed correctly on the wall. These parts are placed together in parallel and at regular intervals. In the last step, it is time to install the wall covering parts. In another method, the wall coverings are installed directly on the wall without intermediaries and without the need for sub-work.
What factors are important in choosing the color of wooden parquet suitable for the space?
When choosing the color of wooden parquet, you should pay attention to the space of the building. The color of the parquet is chosen according to the color of the wall and the amount of space to be covered. If the design space is small, lighter colors are usually used for floor design, and if the design space is large, dark colors are usually used. Light colors make a small design space look bigger, and dark colors make the design space look smaller.

Types of wood
As it was said at the beginning of the assay; There are different types of trees around the world, each of which has different characteristics due to the different conditions in which they have grown and have many differences from each other. Different ypes of wood can be used. In general, there are two types of wood:
◼ Soft wood
◼ Hardwood
(A) Soft wood
It is obtained from coniferous trees. These trees are known as evergreen trees and the leaves of the trees do not fall from the tree until a new leaf grows. This type of tree in Grows in cold weather. Different types of soft wood include:
Pine wood:
This wood is soft, white or light yellow in color and light weight. It resists contraction, expansion and bending. This tree grows mostly in India and in the western Himalayan region. (Above photo)
Uses :
This type of wood is used in all kinds of furniture, both inside and outside the house. They are also used to make patterns for door and window frames and flooring materials. Pine wood, which has textures, is used for decoration.
sparrow tongue tree
This wood is hard, heavy and porous. It has a raised surface similar to oak and a light brownish white color.
Uses :
This type of wood is widely used in structural frames and parts made of bent wood. Compared to other hardwoods, it is usually cheaper.
Beech
Beech has hard, resistant and heavy wood with small pores. It is a relatively cheap wood with red color and light skins.
Uses :
This type of wood, like oak, has a very high variety, each of which has its own characteristics. Beech is a hard, resistant and durable wood. This wood, like wood, has a variety of uses, such as making doors and windows, making frames, curved chair bases, furniture, chests, etc.
Cedar
Cedar has a soft patterned wood with reddish-brown color and light veins. Its texture is uniform and has high resistance to decay and insects. This tree grows in Kashmir and Assam (a state in northeastern India).
Uses :
It is a common wood for making drawers, shelves and boxes. Simple boxes and clothes racks are also made of this type of wood.
Narad
Nerad wood has a good finish. Its texture is uniform and non-gummy. It has little resistance to decay. This tree is found in India and in the region of Himalaya Pradesh.
Uses :
It is used to make furniture, doors, frames, windows, plywood, cladding and interior works.
Spruce
Spruce is hard and resistant. It has a good finish and little resistance to decay. It has moderate shrinkage and is light weight. This tree is found in India and in the Western Himalayan region.
Uses :
It is used to make poles and masts of ships, airplanes, boxes, chests, general carpentry works and ladders.
hemlock
It is lightweight, non-gummy and has a uniform texture. It is easy to use and has little resistance to decay. This tree is usually seen more in America.
Uses :
This wood is used in the form of timber, boards and as a door, the bottom layer in flooring and closed compartments such as chests.
B) hardwood
These types of trees are deciduous trees with broad leaves. They bear fruit and fall asleep in winter. In the following, different types of hardwood trees are mentioned.
teak
Teak wood is one of the most popular hardwoods. It has a dark brownish yellow color, is heavy, resistant, durable, resistant to air, resistant to adhesion and does not rot. This tree is generally found in central and southern India. It is usually used as a structural wood for the wooden frames of the house, as well as in windows, partitions, etc.
Uses :
It is a very suitable choice for outdoor furniture such as garden benches and armchairs. In interior furniture, this wood is used to make beds and wardrobes.
Acacia
Acacia wood is very hard and has a dark red-brown color. It is fragrant and has a soft texture. It is hard to work with and requires a lot of payment. It is usually found in Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Mysore, Bengal, Assam and Orissa.
Uses :
It is used in musical instruments, tool handles, art projects, covers and furniture.
oak
Oak is the most widely used wood in construction. Oak is divided into two categories: white and red. The red category is known as black oak. Oak has hard and heavy wood, resistant and light in color. This tree with hard wood grows in the northeastern part of India.
Uses :
A very suitable choice for home furniture such as bookshelves and cabinets. Except for the outdoor furniture of the house.
Maple:
Maple wood has a soft texture and high resistance. It is very hard and resistant to sudden shocks that often happen in crossings. This tree grows in India, in Ooty region and other mountainous regions.
Uses :
It is widely used in home furniture such as console tables, wall shelves and bedside tables. Maple wood is often used for violins.
mango
Mango wood is dense and hard. Its wood has several colors from light brown to green or dark pink. It is lighter than other woods and resistant to water.
Uses:
It is used for doors, windows, living room and bedroom furniture, nesting tables, kitchen cabinets and bookshelves.
mahogany
Mahon is also known as Honduran Mahon. Its color is red-brown. It has a resistant wood with a uniform structure and pale rings. It is a very good wood for carving and has a good finish. One of its advantages is that it does not twist, swell or shrink, and it can easily be used underwater. It grows in all regions of India, especially in Corbett National Park, Kaziranga National Park and Tatekkad Wildlife Sanctuary.
Uses:
It is usually used to make modern cabinets, nesting tables, dinner tables and other home furniture.
Cherry tree
Its color is light to red-brown. It is hard, strong, resistant to twisting and has a grain – close together. These types of trees grow in hilly areas such as Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh.
Uses :
It is used for decorative carvings and making cabinets, shelves and tables.
Walnut tree
Walnut is one of the most widely used woods with a soft texture. Its wood is from light to dark chocolate brown with straight graining in the body.Walnut wood is strong, hard, durable, without extra weight and resistant to bending. It also has a good finish.It goes in the regions of Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh.
Uses :
Since this wood is very good in most architectural and artistic activities, including: design. It is used for cabinet, coating, turning, wood carving, furniture, sculpture,
making musical instruments, etc. This wood is an ideal choice for making dining tables, coffee tables, etc.
4- Uses of wood in building
4.1- Wood in the structure and skeleton of the building
Wood is used as one of the materials in the skeleton and load-bearing members of buildings, beams, piles, etc.
4.2- Wood as an auxiliary material
One of the uses of wood is in auxiliary works such as molding and fastening wood. For this, a square, a beam and a board are used. For the exposed concrete surface, the formwork wood must be completely clean and polished. You can use artificial wood and all kinds of boards with polymer coating that are produced for this purpose.
4.3- Wood as a material for interior architecture
Wood is one of the best materials for making covers, doors, windows and decorations inside the building is used.
Use of wood in architecture:
Among the most important uses of wood, the following can be mentioned:

The use of wood in the manufacture of wooden products

The use of wooden panels in the design

Use of wood for load-bearing members in the building

Using wood for interior and exterior decoration

Using wood for auxiliary works in construction, such as molding, fastening wood, etc.
The use of wood in decoration
One of the ways to create comfortable spaces for the body and soul in life is to use natural elements and familiar things for the mind. Wood has very useful physical properties. The benefits and uses of wood are beyond the structure and we can make the smallest elements of decoration and furniture of a house with it. The main elements that wood should have in decoration

Its color and beauty

being acoustic
3 .hardness coefficient
4 .heat capacity
5 .power of plasticity
6 .insulation for heat
The advantages that wood has over other materials in construction principles are many. For example, to create style, we can make walls and ceilings or even the floor from wood. Today, some buildings are made by industrial wooden panels, these wooden panels are very easy to install and have great resistance to wind and earthquakes. Also, these panels are widely used in highways and railway bridges.
In decoration, wood is used in the construction of various items.
including decorative items, symbolic items and items that we use at home.
If we want to give an example of decorative items, such as decorative vases, necklace hangers, photo frames, or paper napkin holders, etc. . . Symbolic devices such as historical symbolic statues or professors and artists. . . Wood veneer can also be used to cover consumables or make decorative items.For example, we use these covers in flower arrangement, or cover a part of the wall in our room, or make a chandelier or lampshade. The devices used include closets, floors, shoe racks, cabinets, doors, windows, or even the ceiling. and walls, etc., which can be of any gender. If we want to use these items decoratively, one of our options is wood. That is, let’s make them with wood, like the newly fashionable kitchen cabinets, which are all made with MDF. Basically, because the wood is made from trees, most of them are cream and brown in color. The brown color itself has a range of different colors such as date, khaki, hazel, Nescafé, etc., each of these colors has its own characteristics. In terms of the science of energy therapy, brown is a symbol of evolution and is one of the five elements of wood energy, which grows from the ground to the sky. As humans grow and grow taller. It has a warm atmosphere and we can use dark brown wood in all different parts of a space, including office, residential, commercial, etc.,
and in a southern and sunny space. Brown represents nature in our space and by using it in our space we can always bring freshness and freshness and it is recommended to use brown color instead of black in painting.
Wooden products
Chipboard
Fiberboard is a kind of cheap industrial wood that is made from hard and soft wood chips. To prepare this type of wood, wood chips are combined with glue and then subjected to temperature and pressure. .They are made into fiber boards.
One of the most widely used types of fiberboard is MDF. The density of the pieces of wood used in the preparation of MDF is average, and the name MDF is therefore chosen for this type of fiber board. MDF has good resistance, hardness and formability.
chipboard wood
Another type of industrial wood is chipboard, which is prepared by combining wood chips with resin. Chipboard is used to make furniture and IKEA is very interested in this wood. Chipboard is a type of dense wood that is usually covered with a coating and is used in the preparation of wooden items that are assembled and the decoration of the work environment.
MDF
It is an abbreviation of the American word Medium Density Finer board (fiber with medium compression). It is considered a part of wood products. It is a type of fiber board that is produced by a dry method. It is made of wood particles stuck together under pressure and heat. MDF can be veneered after production. Decorative veneers, in addition to beauty, help it last longer in an environment such as a kitchen.
Melamine coating is the most common type of coating for MDF. In the beginning, MDF was used instead of wooden sheets, but later it was also used instead of wood, and now its scope of use is increasing day by day.
MDF and its types: Due to the high price and the high cost of natural wood, products such as MDF have replaced natural wood in interior design and cabinet making.
These products have relatively favorable durability and a lower and more suitable price than natural wood.
MDF is one of the wooden products used in the building. MDF is a type of fiber board that is produced by dry method and is called raw MDF. Most of the produced MDF are covered after production or in other words they consume the MDF in a paved form.
These coverings include natural (wooden) and synthetic coverings and paint and varnish. The important thing is that these decorative coverings, in addition to beauty, help in durability and resistance in applications such as the kitchen.
MDF has found a suitable position in the market due to its superior properties compared to other compressed wooden sheets such as chipboard, laminated board, fiber board, etc. and it has also been used as an alternative to wood in most designs.
Raw MDF: a product of soft wood chips that is produced by a dry method and as a result of heat and pressure applied to it, and in other words, MDF without a coating is considered raw MDF.
Advantages:
Greater strength and less weight than natural joub
Easy malleability and smooth edges
Beautiful appearance and pseudo-wooden moods
Dimensions of MDF sheets
The dimensions of the raw sheets in mm are:
1830×4100
1830×3660
1830×2440
2440×1220
The important point is that the size of most of the imported sheets from Italian MDF companies are 4100 x 2100 and from Austrian MDF companies are 2800 x 2070 and 2600 x 2070.The thickness of the produced MDF sheets is generally 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 25, 32 and 38 mm and the common thicknesses in the Iranian market are 12, 16 and 18 mm.
Types of coatings used for MDF:
1-Natural veneers (natural wood): This type of veneers are thin layers of natural woods, which are used for kitchen design in Isfahan and have different patterns and colors. Using MDF instead of wood is more suitable due to its fixed dimensions and durability and more resistance than wood in different climates. Natural wood veneers are attached with membrane presses or cushions with glue on the tooled surfaces of MDF.
Thermoplastic coatings: only thermoplastic coatings can be used on uneven surfaces with large surface differences and curves and ridges. One of the advantages of these covers is their high flexibility. Different types of thermoplastic covers are:
A. Polyvinyl chloride coating or PVC:
These covers are available in different patterns and colors and the thickness of these covers is between 0.2 and 3 mm. The resistance of this type of coating against wear and scratches is suitable and it is easy to work with these coatings.
Important note: But it should be mentioned that in general this cover is not very durable, so it is not recommended in frequently used cases such as kitchen cabinets and cabinet tops.
B) Acrylic sheet covers:
The thickness of these covers is from 3 to 19 mm, and it has all the advantages of PVC covers, such as high flexibility, in addition, it is resistant to impact and has less sensitivity than PVC covers, and it has a variety of colors. So it can be said that these covers are better and more expensive.
 Laminate coatings: It includes types of HPL, CPL and compact laminate and is considered one of the most common coatings.
 Melamine coatings: It is considered the most widely used coating of compressed wood sheets, including MDF, in the world.
These covers (LPM) are decorative papers impregnated with glue, which are dried and installed directly on the wooden board without re-gluing. The thickness of melamine covers is between 35- It is 25 hundredths of mm and about 50% of its thickness is made up of glue. It is easier to work with melamine veneer sheets than laminate or HPL veneers. As a result, these types of veneers are known to be the most widely used type of veneers, especially in the MDF industry.
Other pavements:
In addition to coverings for all kinds of wooden boards, including MDF, other surfaces are also used, which include: painting, varnishing, inlaying with small and deep patterns.
The following can be mentioned among the cases that the coatings are resistant to:

Moisture resistance

Resistance to acid and boiling water, heat

Resistance to discoloration from halogen lights near them

Heat resistance of dishes up to 180 degrees

Resistance to decay

Beauty and diversity in color and formability
Features of MDF sheets:

Easy cutting and sanding

Sheets with a completely smooth and dense surface

Diversity in coating design and density of particles and type of sheet

Good resistance to decay and insect attack

Unlike natural wood, these sheets do not have knots

Much more reasonable price than natural wood

Easy connection of sheets to each other by wood glue
Types of MDF:
MDF can be divided according to its special properties:

Thin MDF

Thick MDF

Moisture resistant MDF

MDF resistant to insects and fungi

Fire resistant MDF

Decorative Surfaced MDF